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show of force
A show of force is a military operation intended to warn (see Warning shot) or intimidate an opponent and to showcase one's own capability or will to act if provoked. Shows of force may also be executed by police forces and other armed, non-military groups.
==Function==
Shows of force have historically been undertaken mostly by a military actor unwilling to engage in all-out hostilities, but fearing to 'lose face' (i.e. to appear weak). By performing a carefully calculated provocation, the opponent is to be shown that violent confrontation remains an option, and that there will be no (or no further) backing off on the principle the show of force is to defend.〔''(Israel in Gaza show of force )'' - ''Al Jazeera'', Thursday 29 June 2006〕
Shows of force may be actual military operations, but in times of official peace, they may also be limited to military exercises.〔(Commentary: Show of Force ) - ''New York Post'', Monday 2 August 2004〕
Shows of force also work on a smaller scale – i.e. military forces on a tactical level using mock attacks to deter potential opponents, especially when a real attack on suspected (but unconfirmed) enemies might harm civilians. As an example, most air "attacks" during OEF and OIF have been simple shows of force where jet aircraft drop flares only while making loud, low-level passes. One recent 12-month report for Afghanistan noted 18,019 strike sorties by United States military aircraft, but weapons use in only 3,330 of these missions.〔(Why Congress is at War with the Air Force to Save the F-22 ) - ''Politics Daily'', Posted: 07/13/09〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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